In what ways does the novel address the concept of transformation?

The correct choice highlights a central theme of "Fifth Business," which is the evolution of characters as they navigate their personal journeys and grapple with issues of identity. Throughout the novel, various characters confront their pasts, face moral dilemmas, and engage in introspective quests that ultimately lead to personal transformation. For instance, Dunstan Ramsay, the protagonist, grapples with his sense of self, spirituality, and his role within his community. His experiences and relationships with other characters, such as Boy Staunton and Mary Dempsey, catalyze significant changes in his outlook on life and his understanding of the human condition.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the novel's central themes. The idea that characters remain static is simply incorrect, as the narrative is rich with character development and change. Reducing transformation to mere physical appearance overlooks the profound psychological and emotional shifts that the characters undergo. Lastly, stating that transformation is discouraged contradicts the very essence of the story, which celebrates growth, understanding, and the complexities of human experiences. Thus, the theme of transformation is intricately woven into the fabric of the narrative, making the assertion about characters evolving through their experiences the most accurate reflection of the text.